![]() ![]() Referring to microscopic constitution and structure, in 1862, Clausius interpreted the concept as meaning disgregation. He initially described it as transformation-content, in German Verwandlungsinhalt, and later coined the term entropy from a Greek word for transformation. In 1865, German physicist Rudolf Clausius, one of the leading founders of the field of thermodynamics, defined it as the quotient of an infinitesimal amount of heat to the instantaneous temperature. The thermodynamic concept was referred to by Scottish scientist and engineer Macquorn Rankine in 1850 with the names thermodynamic function and heat-potential. It has found far-ranging applications in chemistry and physics, in biological systems and their relation to life, in cosmology, economics, sociology, weather science, climate change, and information systems including the transmission of information in telecommunication. The term and the concept are used in diverse fields, from classical thermodynamics, where it was first recognized, to the microscopic description of nature in statistical physics, and to the principles of information theory. Individual gas constants for the most common gases.Entropy is a scientific concept as well as a measurable physical property that is most commonly associated with a state of disorder, randomness, or uncertainty. Universal and Individual Gas Constants - The Universal and Individual Gas Constants in fluid mechanics and thermodynamics.The Ideal Gas Law - The relationship between volume, pressure, temperature and quantity of a gas, including definition of gas density.Temperature - Solubility of Ammonia, Argon, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Chlorine, Ethane, Ethylene, Helium, Hydrogen, Hydrogen Sulfide, Methane, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Sulfur Dioxide in water. Temperature - Enthalpy, internal energy and entropy of oxygen as an ideal gas. Oxygen - Enthalpy, Internal Energy and Entropy vs.Nitrogen Oxides ( NO x) Emission from Fuels - Emission of Nitrogen Oxides - NO x - with combustion of fuels like oil, coal, propane and more.Temperature - Specific heat of Nitrogen Gas - N 2 - at temperatures ranging 175 - 6000 K Nitrogen - Thermophysical Properties - Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Nitrogen - N 2.Temperature and Pressure - Figures and tables showing thermal diffusivity of nitrogen at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units. Temperature and Pressure - Figures and tables showing Prandtl number of nitrogen at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units. Temperature and Pressure - Online calculator, figures and tables showing density and specific weight of nitrogen, N 2, at temperatures ranging from -175 to 1325 ☌ (-280 to 2400 ☏) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units. Nitrogen - Density and Specific Weight vs.Mole and the Avagadro's Number - The mole is the SI base unit for an amount of a substance.the Ideal Gas Law - Pressure, temperature and volume in a perfect ideal gas like moist air (air with water vapor). Helium - Thermophysical Properties - Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Helium - He.Air - Composition and Molecular Weight - Dry air is a mechanical mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, argon and several other gases in minor amounts.Thermodynamics - Work, heat and energy systems.Gases and Compressed Air - Air, LNG, LPG and other common gas properties, pipeline capacities, sizing of relief valves. ![]()
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